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#
# backend_iptables.py: iptables backend for ufw
#
# Copyright 2008-2010 Canonical Ltd.
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3,
# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
import os
import re
import shutil
import stat
import sys
import tempfile
import time
from ufw.common import UFWError, UFWRule, config_dir, state_dir, prefix_dir
from ufw.util import warn, debug, msg, cmd, cmd_pipe
import ufw.backend
class UFWBackendIptables(ufw.backend.UFWBackend):
def __init__(self, d):
self.comment_str = "# " + ufw.common.programName + "_comment #"
files = {}
files['rules'] = os.path.join(state_dir, 'user.rules')
files['before_rules'] = os.path.join(config_dir, 'ufw/before.rules')
files['after_rules'] = os.path.join(config_dir, 'ufw/after.rules')
files['rules6'] = os.path.join(state_dir, 'user6.rules')
files['before6_rules'] = os.path.join(config_dir, 'ufw/before6.rules')
files['after6_rules'] = os.path.join(config_dir, 'ufw/after6.rules')
files['init'] = os.path.join(state_dir, 'ufw-init')
ufw.backend.UFWBackend.__init__(self, "iptables", d, files)
self.chains = {'before': [], 'user': [], 'after': [], 'misc': []}
for ver in ['4', '6']:
chain_prefix = "ufw"
if ver == "6":
if self.use_ipv6():
chain_prefix += ver
elif ver == "6":
continue
for loc in ['before', 'user', 'after']:
for target in ['input', 'output', 'forward']:
chain = "%s-%s-logging-%s" % (chain_prefix, loc, target)
self.chains[loc].append(chain)
self.chains['misc'].append(chain_prefix + "-logging-deny")
self.chains['misc'].append(chain_prefix + "-logging-allow")
# The default log rate limiting rule
self.ufw_user_limit_log = ['ufw-user-limit', '-m', 'limit', \
'--limit', '3/minute', '-j', 'LOG', \
'--log-prefix']
self.ufw_user_limit_log_text = "[UFW LIMIT BLOCK]"
def get_default_policy(self, primary="input"):
'''Get current policy'''
policy = "default_" + primary + "_policy"
rstr = ""
if self.defaults[policy] == "accept":
rstr = "allow"
elif self.defaults[policy] == "accept_no_track":
rstr = "allow-without-tracking"
elif self.defaults[policy] == "reject":
rstr = "reject"
else:
rstr = "deny"
return rstr
def get_default_application_policy(self):
'''Get current policy'''
rstr = _("New profiles:")
if self.defaults['default_application_policy'] == "accept":
rstr += " allow"
elif self.defaults['default_application_policy'] == "drop":
rstr += " deny"
elif self.defaults['default_application_policy'] == "reject":
rstr += " reject"
else:
rstr += " skip"
return rstr
def set_default_policy(self, policy, direction):
'''Sets default policy of firewall'''
if not self.dryrun:
if policy != "allow" and policy != "deny" and policy != "reject":
err_msg = _("Unsupported policy '%s'") % (policy)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if direction != "incoming" and direction != "outgoing":
err_msg = _("Unsupported policy for direction '%s'") % \
(direction)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
chain = "INPUT"
if direction == "outgoing":
chain = "OUTPUT"
old_log_str = ''
new_log_str = ''
if policy == "allow":
try:
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_%s_POLICY" % (chain), \
"\"ACCEPT\"")
except Exception:
raise
old_log_str = 'UFW BLOCK'
new_log_str = 'UFW ALLOW'
elif policy == "reject":
try:
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_%s_POLICY" % (chain), \
"\"REJECT\"")
except Exception:
raise
old_log_str = 'UFW ALLOW'
new_log_str = 'UFW BLOCK'
else:
try:
self.set_default(self.files['defaults'], \
"DEFAULT_%s_POLICY" % (chain), \
"\"DROP\"")
except Exception:
raise
old_log_str = 'UFW ALLOW'
new_log_str = 'UFW BLOCK'
# Switch logging message in catch-all rules
pat = re.compile(r'' + old_log_str)
for f in [self.files['after_rules'], self.files['after6_rules']]:
try:
fns = ufw.util.open_files(f)
except Exception:
raise
fd = fns['tmp']
for line in fns['orig']:
if pat.search(line):
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, pat.sub(new_log_str, line))
else:
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, line)
try:
ufw.util.close_files(fns)
except Exception:
raise
rstr = _("Default %(direction)s policy changed to '%(policy)s'\n") % \
({'direction': direction, 'policy': policy})
rstr += _("(be sure to update your rules accordingly)")
return rstr
def get_running_raw(self, set):
'''Show current running status of firewall'''
if self.dryrun:
out = "> " + _("Checking raw iptables\n")
out += "> " + _("Checking raw ip6tables\n")
return out
err_msg = _("problem running")
args = ['-n', '-v', '-x', '-L']
items = []
items6 = []
if set == "raw":
args.append('-t')
items = ['filter', 'nat', 'mangle', 'raw']
items6 = ['filter', 'mangle', 'raw']
elif set == "builtins":
for c in ['INPUT', 'FORWARD', 'OUTPUT']:
items.append('filter:%s' % c)
items6.append('filter:%s' % c)
for c in ['PREROUTING', 'INPUT', 'FORWARD', 'OUTPUT', \
'POSTROUTING']:
items.append('mangle:%s' % c)
items6.append('mangle:%s' % c)
for c in ['PREROUTING', 'OUTPUT']:
items.append('raw:%s' % c)
items6.append('raw:%s' % c)
for c in ['PREROUTING', 'POSTROUTING', 'OUTPUT']:
items.append('nat:%s' % c)
elif set == "before":
for b in ['input', 'forward', 'output']:
items.append('ufw-before-%s' % b)
items6.append('ufw6-before-%s' % b)
elif set == "user":
for b in ['input', 'forward', 'output']:
items.append('ufw-user-%s' % b)
items6.append('ufw6-user-%s' % b)
items.append('ufw-user-limit-accept')
items.append('ufw-user-limit')
elif set == "after":
for b in ['input', 'forward', 'output']:
items.append('ufw-after-%s' % b)
items6.append('ufw6-after-%s' % b)
elif set == "logging":
for b in ['input', 'forward', 'output']:
items.append('ufw-before-logging-%s' % b)
items6.append('ufw6-before-logging-%s' % b)
items.append('ufw-user-logging-%s' % b)
items6.append('ufw6-user-logging-%s' % b)
items.append('ufw-after-logging-%s' % b)
items6.append('ufw6-after-logging-%s' % b)
items.append('ufw-logging-allow')
items.append('ufw-logging-deny')
items6.append('ufw6-logging-allow')
items6.append('ufw6-logging-deny')
out = "IPV4 (%s):\n" % (set)
for i in items:
if ':' in i:
(t, c) = i.split(':')
out += "(%s) " % (t)
(rc, tmp) = cmd([self.iptables] + args + [c, '-t', t])
else:
(rc, tmp) = cmd([self.iptables] + args + [i])
out += tmp
if set != "raw":
out += "\n"
if rc != 0:
raise UFWError(out)
if set == "raw" or self.use_ipv6():
out += "\n\nIPV6:\n"
for i in items6:
if ':' in i:
(t, c) = i.split(':')
out += "(%s) " % (t)
(rc, tmp) = cmd([self.iptables] + args + [c, '-t', t])
else:
(rc, tmp) = cmd([self.ip6tables] + args + [i])
out += tmp
if set != "raw":
out += "\n"
if rc != 0:
raise UFWError(out)
return out
def get_status(self, verbose=False, show_count=False):
'''Show ufw managed rules'''
out = ""
out6 = ""
if self.dryrun:
out = "> " + _("Checking iptables\n")
if self.use_ipv6():
out += "> " + _("Checking ip6tables\n")
return out
err_msg = _("problem running")
for direction in ["input", "output"]:
# Is the firewall loaded at all?
(rc, out) = cmd([self.iptables, '-L', \
'ufw-user-%s' % (direction), '-n'])
if rc == 1:
return _("Status: inactive")
elif rc != 0:
raise UFWError(err_msg + " iptables: %s\n" % (out))
if self.use_ipv6():
(rc, out6) = cmd([self.ip6tables, '-L', \
'ufw6-user-%s' % (direction), '-n'])
if rc != 0:
raise UFWError(err_msg + " ip6tables")
s = ""
str_out = ""
rules = self.rules + self.rules6
count = 1
app_rules = {}
for r in rules:
tmp_str = ""
location = {}
tupl = ""
show_proto = True
if not verbose and (r.dapp != "" or r.sapp != ""):
show_proto = False
tupl = r.get_app_tuple()
if app_rules.has_key(tupl):
debug("Skipping found tuple '%s'" % (tupl))
continue
else:
app_rules[tupl] = True
for loc in [ 'dst', 'src' ]:
location[loc] = ""
port = ""
tmp = ""
if loc == "dst":
tmp = r.dst
if not verbose and r.dapp != "":
port = r.dapp
if r.v6 and tmp == "::/0":
port += " (v6)"
else:
port = r.dport
else:
tmp = r.src
if not verbose and r.sapp != "":
port = r.sapp
if r.v6 and tmp == "::/0":
port += " (v6)"
else:
port = r.sport
if tmp != "0.0.0.0/0" and tmp != "::/0":
location[loc] = tmp
if port != "any":
if location[loc] == "":
location[loc] = port
else:
location[loc] += " " + port
if show_proto and r.protocol != "any":
location[loc] += "/" + r.protocol
if verbose:
if loc == "dst" and r.dapp != "":
location[loc] += " (%s" % (r.dapp)
if r.v6 and tmp == "::/0":
location[loc] += " (v6)"
location[loc] += ")"
if loc == "src" and r.sapp != "":
location[loc] += " (%s" % (r.sapp)
if r.v6 and tmp == "::/0":
location[loc] += " (v6)"
location[loc] += ")"
if port == "any":
if tmp == "0.0.0.0/0" or tmp == "::/0":
location[loc] = "Anywhere"
# Show the protocol if Anywhere to Anwhere, have
# protocol and source and dest ports are any
if show_proto and r.protocol != "any" and \
r.dst == r.src and r.dport == r.sport:
location[loc] += "/" + r.protocol
if tmp == "::/0":
location[loc] += " (v6)"
else:
# Show the protocol if have protocol, and source
# and dest ports are any
if show_proto and r.protocol != "any" and \
r.dport == r.sport:
location[loc] += "/" + r.protocol
if loc == 'dst' and r.interface_in != "":
location[loc] += " on %s" % (r.interface_in)
if loc == 'src' and r.interface_out != "":
location[loc] += " on %s" % (r.interface_out)
attribs = []
attrib_str = ""
if r.logtype or r.direction.lower() == "out":
if r.logtype:
attribs.append(r.logtype.lower())
if show_count and r.direction == "out":
attribs.append(r.direction)
if len(attribs) > 0:
attrib_str = " (%s)" % (', '.join(attribs))
# now construct the rule output string
if show_count:
tmp_str += "[%2d] " % (count)
dir_str = r.direction.upper()
if r.direction == "in" and not verbose and not show_count:
dir_str = ""
tmp_str += "%-26s %-12s%s%s\n" % (location['dst'], \
" ".join([r.action.upper(), \
dir_str]), \
location['src'], attrib_str)
# Show the list in the order given if a numbered list, otherwise
# split incoming and outgoing rules
if show_count:
s += tmp_str
else:
if r.direction == "out":
str_out += tmp_str
else:
s += tmp_str
count += 1
if s != "" or str_out != "":
full_str = "\n\n"
if show_count:
full_str += " "
str_to = _("To")
str_from = _("From")
str_action = _("Action")
rules_header = "%-26s %-12s%s\n" % \
(str_to.decode("utf-8", 'ignore'), \
str_action.decode("utf-8", 'ignore'), \
str_from.decode("utf-8", 'ignore'))
if show_count:
rules_header += " "
rules_header += "%-26s %-12s%s\n" % \
("-" * len(str_to.decode("utf-8", 'ignore')), \
"-" * len(str_action.decode("utf-8", 'ignore')), \
"-" * len(str_from.decode("utf-8", 'ignore')))
full_str += rules_header.encode('utf-8', 'ignore')
if s != "":
full_str += s
if s != "" and str_out != "":
full_str += _("\n")
if str_out != "":
full_str += str_out
s = full_str
if verbose:
(level, logging_str) = self.get_loglevel()
policy_str = _("Default: %(in)s (incoming), %(out)s (outgoing)") \
% ({'in': self.get_default_policy(), \
'out': self.get_default_policy("output")})
app_policy_str = self.get_default_application_policy()
return _("Status: active\n%(log)s\n%(pol)s\n%(app)s%(status)s") % \
({'log': logging_str, 'pol': policy_str, \
'app': app_policy_str, 'status': s})
else:
return _("Status: active%s") % (s)
def stop_firewall(self):
'''Stops the firewall'''
err_msg = _("problem running")
if self.dryrun:
msg("> " + _("running ufw-init"))
else:
(rc, out) = cmd([self.files['init'], 'force-stop'])
if rc != 0:
debug(out)
raise UFWError(err_msg + " ufw-init")
def start_firewall(self):
'''Starts the firewall'''
err_msg = _("problem running")
if self.dryrun:
msg("> " + _("running ufw-init"))
else:
(rc, out) = cmd([self.files['init'], 'start'])
if rc != 0:
debug(out)
raise UFWError(err_msg + " ufw-init")
if not self.defaults.has_key('loglevel') or \
self.defaults['loglevel'] not in self.loglevels.keys():
# Add the loglevel if not valid
try:
self.set_loglevel("low")
except Exception:
err_msg = _("Could not set LOGLEVEL")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
else:
try:
self.update_logging(self.defaults['loglevel'])
except Exception:
err_msg = _("Could not load logging rules")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
def _need_reload(self, v6):
'''Check if all chains exist'''
if self.dryrun:
return False
prefix = "ufw"
exe = self.iptables
if v6:
prefix = "ufw6"
exe = self.ip6tables
for chain in [ 'input', 'output', 'forward', 'limit', 'limit-accept' ]:
if v6 and (chain == "limit" or chain == "limit-accept"):
continue
(rc, out) = cmd([exe, '-n', '-L', prefix + "-user-" + chain])
if rc != 0:
debug("_need_reload: forcing reload")
return True
return False
def _reload_user_rules(self):
'''Reload firewall rules file'''
err_msg = _("problem running")
if self.dryrun:
msg("> | iptables-restore")
if self.use_ipv6():
msg("> | ip6tables-restore")
elif self._is_enabled():
# first flush the user logging chains
try:
for c in self.chains['user']:
self._chain_cmd(c, ['-F', c])
self._chain_cmd(c, ['-Z', c])
except Exception:
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# then restore the system rules
(rc, out) = cmd_pipe(['cat', self.files['rules']], \
[self.iptables_restore, '-n'])
if rc != 0:
raise UFWError(err_msg + " iptables")
if self.use_ipv6():
(rc, out) = cmd_pipe(['cat', self.files['rules6']], \
[self.ip6tables_restore, '-n'])
if rc != 0:
raise UFWError(err_msg + " ip6tables")
def _get_rules_from_formatted(self, frule, prefix, suffix):
'''Return list of iptables rules appropriate for sending'''
snippets = []
# adjust reject and protocol 'all'
pat_proto = re.compile(r'-p all ')
pat_port = re.compile(r'port ')
pat_reject = re.compile(r'-j (REJECT(_log(-all)?)?)')
if pat_proto.search(frule):
if pat_port.search(frule):
if pat_reject.search(frule):
snippets.append(pat_proto.sub('-p tcp ', \
pat_reject.sub(r'-j \1 --reject-with tcp-reset', \
frule)))
else:
snippets.append(pat_proto.sub('-p tcp ', frule))
snippets.append(pat_proto.sub('-p udp ', frule))
else:
snippets.append(pat_proto.sub('', frule))
else:
snippets.append(frule)
# adjust for logging rules
pat_log = re.compile(r'(.*)-j ([A-Z]+)_log(-all)?(.*)')
pat_logall = re.compile(r'-j [A-Z]+_log-all')
pat_chain = re.compile(r'(-A|-D) ([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)')
limit_args = '-m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10'
for i, s in enumerate(snippets):
if pat_log.search(s):
policy = pat_log.sub(r'\2', s).strip()
if policy.lower() == "accept":
policy = "ALLOW"
elif policy.lower() == "limit":
policy = "LIMIT"
else:
policy = "BLOCK"
lstr = '%s -j LOG --log-prefix "[UFW %s] "' % (limit_args, \
policy)
if not pat_logall.search(s):
lstr = '-m state --state NEW ' + lstr
snippets[i] = pat_log.sub(r'\1-j \2\4', s)
snippets.insert(i, pat_log.sub(r'\1-j ' + prefix + \
'-user-logging-' + suffix, s))
snippets.insert(i, pat_chain.sub(r'\1 ' + prefix + \
'-user-logging-' + suffix,
pat_log.sub(r'\1-j RETURN', \
s)))
snippets.insert(i, pat_chain.sub(r'\1 ' + prefix + \
'-user-logging-' + suffix,
pat_log.sub(r'\1' + lstr, s)))
# adjust for limit
pat_limit = re.compile(r' -j LIMIT')
for i, s in enumerate(snippets):
if pat_limit.search(s):
tmp1 = pat_limit.sub(' -m state --state NEW -m recent --set', \
s)
tmp2 = pat_limit.sub(' -m state --state NEW -m recent' + \
' --update --seconds 30 --hitcount 6' + \
' -j ' + prefix + '-user-limit', s)
tmp3 = pat_limit.sub(' -j ' + prefix + '-user-limit-accept', s)
snippets[i] = tmp3
snippets.insert(i, tmp2)
snippets.insert(i, tmp1)
return snippets
def _get_lists_from_formatted(self, frule, prefix, suffix):
'''Return list of iptables rules appropriate for sending as arguments
to cmd()
'''
snippets = []
str_snippets = self._get_rules_from_formatted(frule, prefix, suffix)
# split the string such that the log prefix can contain spaces
pat = re.compile(r'(.*) --log-prefix (".* ")(.*)')
for i, s in enumerate(str_snippets):
snippets.append(pat.sub(r'\1', s).split())
if pat.match(s):
snippets[i].append("--log-prefix")
snippets[i].append(pat.sub(r'\2', s).replace('"', ''))
snippets[i] += pat.sub(r'\3', s).split()
return snippets
def _read_rules(self):
'''Read in rules that were added by ufw.'''
rfns = [self.files['rules']]
if self.use_ipv6():
rfns.append(self.files['rules6'])
for f in rfns:
try:
orig = ufw.util.open_file_read(f)
except Exception:
err_msg = _("Couldn't open '%s' for reading") % (f)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
pat_tuple = re.compile(r'^### tuple ###\s*')
for line in orig:
if pat_tuple.match(line):
tupl = pat_tuple.sub('', line)
tmp = re.split(r'\s+', tupl.strip())
if len(tmp) < 6 or len(tmp) > 9:
warn_msg = _("Skipping malformed tuple (bad length): %s") % (tupl)
warn(warn_msg)
continue
else:
# set direction to "in" to support upgrades
# from old format, which only had 6 or 8 fields
type = "in"
interface = ""
if len(tmp) == 7 or len(tmp) == 9:
if '_' in tmp[-1]:
(type, interface) = tmp[-1].split('_')
else:
type = tmp[-1]
try:
if len(tmp) < 8:
rule = UFWRule(tmp[0], tmp[1], tmp[2], tmp[3],
tmp[4], tmp[5], type)
else:
rule = UFWRule(tmp[0], tmp[1], tmp[2], tmp[3],
tmp[4], tmp[5], type)
# Removed leading [sd]app_ and unescape spaces
pat_space = re.compile('%20')
if tmp[6] != "-":
rule.dapp = pat_space.sub(' ', tmp[6])
if tmp[7] != "-":
rule.sapp = pat_space.sub(' ', tmp[7])
if interface != "":
rule.set_interface(type, interface)
except UFWError:
warn_msg = _("Skipping malformed tuple: %s") % \
(tupl)
warn(warn_msg)
continue
if f == self.files['rules6']:
rule.set_v6(True)
self.rules6.append(rule)
else:
rule.set_v6(False)
self.rules.append(rule)
orig.close()
def _write_rules(self, v6=False):
'''Write out new rules to file to user chain file'''
rules_file = self.files['rules']
if v6:
rules_file = self.files['rules6']
# Perform this here so we can present a nice error to the user rather
# than a traceback
if not os.access(rules_file, os.W_OK):
err_msg = _("'%s' is not writable" % (rules_file))
raise UFWError(err_msg)
try:
fns = ufw.util.open_files(rules_file)
except Exception:
raise
chain_prefix = "ufw"
rules = self.rules
if v6:
chain_prefix = "ufw6"
rules = self.rules6
if self.dryrun:
fd = sys.stdout.fileno()
else:
fd = fns['tmp']
# Write header
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "*filter\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-input - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-output - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-forward - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-before-logging-input - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-before-logging-output - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-before-logging-forward - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-logging-input - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-logging-output - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-logging-forward - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-after-logging-input - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-after-logging-output - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-after-logging-forward - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-logging-deny - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-logging-allow - [0:0]\n")
if chain_prefix == "ufw":
# Rate limiting only supported with IPv4
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-limit - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, ":" + chain_prefix + "-user-limit-accept - [0:0]\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "### RULES ###\n")
# Write rules
for r in rules:
action = r.action
if r.logtype != "":
action += "_" + r.logtype
if r.dapp == "" and r.sapp == "":
tstr = "\n### tuple ### %s %s %s %s %s %s %s" % \
(action, r.protocol, r.dport, r.dst, r.sport, r.src, \
r.direction)
if r.interface_in != "":
tstr += "_%s" % (r.interface_in)
if r.interface_out != "":
tstr += "_%s" % (r.interface_out)
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, tstr + "\n")
else:
pat_space = re.compile(' ')
dapp = "-"
if r.dapp:
dapp = pat_space.sub('%20', r.dapp)
sapp = "-"
if r.sapp:
sapp = pat_space.sub('%20', r.sapp)
tstr = "\n### tuple ### %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s %s" % \
(action, r.protocol, r.dport, r.dst, r.sport, r.src, \
dapp, sapp, r.direction)
if r.interface_in != "":
tstr += "_%s" % (r.interface_in)
if r.interface_out != "":
tstr += "_%s" % (r.interface_out)
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, tstr + "\n")
chain_suffix = "input"
if r.direction == "out":
chain_suffix = "output"
chain = "%s-user-%s" % (chain_prefix, chain_suffix)
rule_str = "-A %s %s\n" % (chain, r.format_rule())
for s in self._get_rules_from_formatted(rule_str, chain_prefix, \
chain_suffix):
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, s)
# Write footer
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "\n### END RULES ###\n")
# Add logging rules, skipping any delete ('-D') rules
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "\n### LOGGING ###\n")
try:
lrules_t = self._get_logging_rules(self.defaults['loglevel'])
except Exception:
raise
for c, r, q in lrules_t:
if len(r) > 0 and r[0] == '-D':
continue
if c.startswith(chain_prefix + "-"):
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd,
" ".join(r).replace('[', '"[').replace('] ', '] "') + \
"\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "### END LOGGING ###\n")
# Rate limiting only supported with IPv4
if chain_prefix == "ufw":
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "\n### RATE LIMITING ###\n")
if self.defaults['loglevel'] != "off":
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "-A " + \
" ".join(self.ufw_user_limit_log) + \
" \"" + self.ufw_user_limit_log_text + " \"\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "-A " + chain_prefix + \
"-user-limit -j REJECT\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "-A " + chain_prefix + \
"-user-limit-accept -j ACCEPT\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "### END RATE LIMITING ###\n")
ufw.util.write_to_file(fd, "COMMIT\n")
try:
if self.dryrun:
ufw.util.close_files(fns, False)
else:
ufw.util.close_files(fns)
except Exception:
raise
def set_rule(self, rule, allow_reload=True):
'''Updates firewall with rule by:
* appending the rule to the chain if new rule and firewall enabled
* deleting the rule from the chain if found and firewall enabled
* inserting the rule if possible and firewall enabled
* updating user rules file
* reloading the user rules file if rule is modified
'''
rstr = ""
if rule.v6:
if not self.use_ipv6():
err_msg = _("Adding IPv6 rule failed: IPv6 not enabled")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if rule.action == 'limit':
# Netfilter doesn't have ip6t_recent yet, so skip
return _("Skipping unsupported IPv6 '%s' rule") % (rule.action)
if rule.multi and rule.protocol != "udp" and rule.protocol != "tcp":
err_msg = _("Must specify 'tcp' or 'udp' with multiple ports")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
newrules = []
found = False
modified = False
delete = False
rules = self.rules
position = rule.position
if rule.v6:
if self.iptables_version < "1.4" and (rule.dapp != "" or rule.sapp != ""):
return _("Skipping IPv6 application rule. Need at least iptables 1.4")
rules = self.rules6
# bail if we have a bad position
if position < 0 or position > len(rules):
err_msg = _("Invalid position '%d'") % (position)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if position > 0 and rule.remove:
err_msg = _("Cannot specify insert and delete")
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if position > len(rules):
err_msg = _("Cannot insert rule at position '%d'") % position
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# First construct the new rules list
try:
rule.normalize()
except Exception:
raise
count = 1
inserted = False
matches = 0
last = ('', '', '', '')
for r in rules:
try:
r.normalize()
except Exception:
raise
current = (r.dst, r.src, r.dapp, r.sapp)
if count == position:
# insert the rule if:
# 1. the last rule was not an application rule
# 2. the current rule is not an application rule
# 3. the last application rule is different than the current
# while the new rule is different than the current one
if (last[2] == '' and last[3] == '' and count > 1) or \
(current[2] == '' and current[3] == '') or \
last != current:
inserted = True
newrules.append(rule.dup_rule())
last = ('', '', '', '')
else:
position += 1
last = current
count += 1
ret = UFWRule.match(r, rule)
if ret < 1:
matches += 1
if ret == 0 and not found and not inserted:
# If find the rule, add it if it's not to be removed, otherwise
# skip it.
found = True
if not rule.remove:
newrules.append(rule.dup_rule())
elif ret < 0 and not rule.remove and not inserted:
# If only the action is different, replace the rule if it's not
# to be removed.
found = True
modified = True
newrules.append(rule.dup_rule())
else:
newrules.append(r)
if inserted:
if matches > 0:
rstr = _("Skipping inserting existing rule")
if rule.v6:
rstr += " (v6)"
return rstr
else:
# Add rule to the end if it was not already added.
if not found and not rule.remove:
newrules.append(rule.dup_rule())
# Don't process non-existing or unchanged pre-exisiting rules
if not found and rule.remove and not self.dryrun:
rstr = _("Could not delete non-existent rule")
if rule.v6:
rstr += " (v6)"
return rstr
elif found and not rule.remove and not modified:
rstr = _("Skipping adding existing rule")
if rule.v6:
rstr += " (v6)"
return rstr
if rule.v6:
self.rules6 = newrules
else:
self.rules = newrules
# Update the user rules file
try:
self._write_rules(rule.v6)
except UFWError:
raise
except Exception:
err_msg = _("Couldn't update rules file")
UFWError(err_msg)
# We wrote out the rules, so set reasonable string. We will change
# this below when operating on the live firewall.
rstr = _("Rules updated")
if rule.v6:
rstr = _("Rules updated (v6)")
# Operate on the chains
if self._is_enabled() and not self.dryrun:
flag = ""
if modified or self._need_reload(rule.v6) or inserted:
rstr = ""
if inserted:
rstr += _("Rule inserted")
else:
rstr += _("Rule updated")
if rule.v6:
rstr += " (v6)"
if allow_reload:
# Reload the chain
try:
self._reload_user_rules()
except Exception:
raise
else:
rstr += _(" (skipped reloading firewall)")
elif found and rule.remove:
flag = '-D'
rstr = _("Rule deleted")
elif not found and not modified and not rule.remove:
flag = '-A'
rstr = _("Rule added")
if flag != "":
exe = self.iptables
chain_prefix = "ufw"
if rule.v6:
exe = self.ip6tables
chain_prefix = "ufw6"
rstr += " (v6)"
chain_suffix = "input"
if rule.direction == "out":
chain_suffix = "output"
chain = "%s-user-%s" % (chain_prefix, chain_suffix)
# Is the firewall running?
err_msg = _("Could not update running firewall")
(rc, out) = cmd([exe, '-L', chain, '-n'])
if rc != 0:
raise UFWError(err_msg)
rule_str = "%s %s %s" % (flag, chain, rule.format_rule())
pat_log = re.compile(r'(-A +)(ufw6?-user-[a-z\-]+)(.*)')
for s in self._get_lists_from_formatted(rule_str, \
chain_prefix, \
chain_suffix):
(rc, out) = cmd([exe] + s)
if rc != 0:
msg(out, sys.stderr)
UFWError(err_msg)
# delete any lingering RETURN rules (needed for upgrades)
if flag == "-A" and pat_log.search(" ".join(s)):
c = pat_log.sub(r'\2', " ".join(s))
(rc, out) = cmd([exe, '-D', c, '-j', 'RETURN'])
if rc != 0:
debug("FAILOK: -D %s -j RETURN" % (c))
return rstr
def get_app_rules_from_system(self, template, v6):
'''Return a list of UFWRules from the system based on template rule'''
rules = []
app_rules = []
if v6:
rules = self.rules6
else:
rules = self.rules
norm = template.dup_rule()
norm.set_v6(v6)
norm.normalize()
tupl = norm.get_app_tuple()
for r in rules:
tmp = r.dup_rule()
tmp.normalize()
tmp_tuple = tmp.get_app_tuple()
if tmp_tuple == tupl:
app_rules.append(tmp)
return app_rules
def _chain_cmd(self, chain, args, fail_ok=False):
'''Perform command on chain'''
exe = self.iptables
if chain.startswith("ufw6"):
exe = self.ip6tables
(rc, out) = cmd([exe] + args)
if rc != 0:
err_msg = _("Could not perform '%s'") % (args)
if fail_ok:
debug("FAILOK: " + err_msg)
else:
raise UFWError(err_msg)
def update_logging(self, level):
'''Update loglevel of running firewall'''
if self.dryrun:
return
rules_t = []
try:
rules_t = self._get_logging_rules(level)
except Exception:
raise
# Update the user rules file
try:
self._write_rules(v6=False)
self._write_rules(v6=True)
except UFWError:
raise
except Exception:
err_msg = _("Couldn't update rules file for logging")
UFWError(err_msg)
# Don't update the running firewall if not enabled
if not self._is_enabled():
return
# make sure all the chains are here, it's redundant but helps make
# sure the chains are in a consistent state
err_msg = _("Could not update running firewall")
for c in self.chains['before'] + self.chains['user'] + \
self.chains['after'] + self.chains['misc']:
try:
self._chain_cmd(c, ['-L', c, '-n'])
except Exception:
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Flush all the logging chains except 'user'
try:
for c in self.chains['before'] + self.chains['after'] + \
self.chains['misc']:
self._chain_cmd(c, ['-F', c])
self._chain_cmd(c, ['-Z', c])
except Exception:
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Add logging rules to running firewall
for c, r, q in rules_t:
fail_ok = False
if len(r) > 0 and r[0] == '-D':
fail_ok = True
try:
if q == 'delete_first' and len(r) > 1:
self._chain_cmd(c, ['-D'] + r[1:], fail_ok=True)
self._chain_cmd(c, r, fail_ok)
except Exception:
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Always delete this and re-add it so that we don't have extras
self._chain_cmd('ufw-user-limit', ['-D'] + self.ufw_user_limit_log + \
[self.ufw_user_limit_log_text + " "], \
fail_ok=True)
if self.defaults["loglevel"] != "off":
self._chain_cmd('ufw-user-limit', ['-I'] + \
self.ufw_user_limit_log + \
[self.ufw_user_limit_log_text + " "], \
fail_ok=True)
def _get_logging_rules(self, level):
'''Get rules for specified logging level'''
rules_t = []
if level not in self.loglevels.keys():
err_msg = _("Invalid log level '%s'") % (level)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
if level == "off":
# when off, insert a RETURN rule at the top of user rules, thus
# preserving the rules
for c in self.chains['user']:
rules_t.append([c, ['-I', c, '-j', 'RETURN'], 'delete_first'])
return rules_t
else:
# when on, remove the RETURN rule at the top of user rules, thus
# honoring the log rules
for c in self.chains['user']:
rules_t.append([c, ['-D', c, '-j', 'RETURN'], ''])
limit_args = ['-m', 'limit', '--limit', '3/min', '--limit-burst', '10']
# log levels of low and higher log blocked packets
if self.loglevels[level] >= self.loglevels["low"]:
# Setup the policy violation logging chains
largs = []
# log levels under high use limit
if self.loglevels[level] < self.loglevels["high"]:
largs = limit_args
for c in self.chains['after']:
for t in ['input', 'output', 'forward']:
if c.endswith(t):
if self.get_default_policy(t) == "reject" or \
self.get_default_policy(t) == "deny":
msg = "[UFW BLOCK] "
rules_t.append([c, ['-A', c, '-j', 'LOG', \
'--log-prefix', msg] +
largs, ''])
elif self.loglevels[level] >= self.loglevels["medium"]:
msg = "[UFW ALLOW] "
rules_t.append([c, ['-A', c, '-j', 'LOG', \
'--log-prefix', msg] + largs, ''])
# Setup the miscellaneous logging chains
largs = []
# log levels under high use limit
if self.loglevels[level] < self.loglevels["high"]:
largs = limit_args
for c in self.chains['misc']:
if c.endswith("allow"):
msg = "[UFW ALLOW] "
elif c.endswith("deny"):
msg = "[UFW BLOCK] "
if self.loglevels[level] < self.loglevels["medium"]:
# only log INVALID in medium and higher
rules_t.append([c, ['-I', c, '-m', 'state', \
'--state', 'INVALID', \
'-j', 'RETURN'] + largs, ''])
else:
rules_t.append([c, ['-A', c, '-m', 'state', \
'--state', 'INVALID', \
'-j', 'LOG', \
'--log-prefix', \
"[UFW AUDIT INVALID] "] + \
largs, ''])
rules_t.append([c, ['-A', c, '-j', 'LOG', \
'--log-prefix', msg] + largs, ''])
# Setup the audit logging chains
if self.loglevels[level] >= self.loglevels["medium"]:
# loglevel full logs all packets without limit
largs = []
# loglevel high logs all packets with limit
if self.loglevels[level] < self.loglevels["full"]:
largs = limit_args
# loglevel medium logs all new packets with limit
if self.loglevels[level] < self.loglevels["high"]:
largs = ['-m', 'state', '--state', 'NEW'] + limit_args
msg = "[UFW AUDIT] "
for c in self.chains['before']:
rules_t.append([c, ['-I', c, '-j', 'LOG', \
'--log-prefix', msg] + largs, ''])
return rules_t
def reset(self):
'''Reset the firewall'''
res = ""
# First make sure we have all the original files
all = []
for i in self.files:
if not self.files[i].endswith('.rules'):
continue
all.append(self.files[i])
fn = os.path.join(ufw.common.share_dir, "iptables", \
os.path.basename(self.files[i]))
if not os.path.isfile(fn):
err_msg = _("Could not find '%s'. Aborting") % (fn)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
ext = time.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
# This implementation will intentionally traceback if someone tries to
# do something to take advantage of the race conditions here.
# Don't do anything if the files already exist
for i in all:
fn = "%s.%s" % (i, ext)
if os.path.exists(fn):
err_msg = _("'%s' already exists. Aborting") % (fn)
raise UFWError(err_msg)
# Move the old to the new
for i in all:
fn = "%s.%s" % (i, ext)
res += _("Backing up '%(old)s' to '%(new)s'\n") % (\
{'old': os.path.basename(i), 'new': fn})
os.rename(i, fn)
# Copy files into place
for i in all:
old = "%s.%s" % (i, ext)
shutil.copy(os.path.join(ufw.common.share_dir, "iptables", \
os.path.basename(i)), \
os.path.dirname(i))
shutil.copymode(old, i)
try:
statinfo = os.stat(i)
mode = statinfo[stat.ST_MODE]
except Exception:
warn_msg = _("Couldn't stat '%s'") % (i)
warn(warn_msg)
continue
if mode & stat.S_IWOTH:
res += _("WARN: '%s' is world writable") % (i)
elif mode & stat.S_IROTH:
res += _("WARN: '%s' is world readable") % (i)
return res
